Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for transient ischemic attack: A meta-analysis

To evaluate whether hypothyroidism is a risk factor for transient ischemic attack (TIA).

We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Vipers database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for studies assessing the association between hypothyroidism and TIA (publication cut-off in May 2024). Two researchers independently extracted the data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software.

A total of 7 studies (combined n=190248) were included. Hypothyroidism showed a significant association with TIA (risk ratio [RR]=1.43 [95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.29-1.57]). The association was significant in clinical hypothyroidism (RR=1.45 [95% CI: [1.31-1.62]) but not evident in subclinical hypothyroidism (RR=1.20 [95% CI: [0.90-1.61]). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of the results from the 7 studies (Begg's test z=1.2, p<0.01). No significant publication bias was detected in the meta-analysis.

Hypothyroidism, particularly clinical hypothyroidism, may be an independent risk factor for TIA.PROSPERO No. ID: CRD42024552608.