Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2025

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
Published on: November 16, 2011
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism and end-organ protection
Samuel Daniels1, Cecilia Karlsson2, Patrick Schrauwen3
1Early-stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Abstract:
Identification of exendin-4 (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, GLP-1RA) in Gila monster venom may be regarded as one of the most serendipitous discoveries of recent times. GLP-1RAs are now an established therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetes (T2D), body weight management, and cardiovascular (CV) risk protection. Furthermore, there is a growing platform of evidence that GLP-1RA has extended benefit in renal, hepatic, respiratory, and neurological diseases. One can speculate on the biological advantage of exendin-4 to the Gila monster, but for humankind GLP-1RAs are peptides with significant potential to improve disease-related outcomes. We report on the latest evidence and mechanisms for GLP-1RA-mediated end-organ protection that uniquely highlight its future development potential across multiple disease areas.
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