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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Automated diagnostic analyzers have transformed clinical microbiology by providing rapid and reliable methods for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these systems, the Vitek 2 is widely used because it automates the traditionally labor-intensive processes of microbial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), delivering standardized and timely results that are essential for effective patient care.Microbial Identification with ID CardsThe...

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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Candida albicans Biofilm Chip CaBChip for High-throughput Antifungal Drug Screening
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Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing using carbon screen printed electrodes in a microfluidic device.

Saranya Gopalakrishnan1, Diksha Mall2, Subramaniam Pushpavanam3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.

Scientific Reports
|February 11, 2025
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Summary

A new electrochemical method offers rapid, sensitive, and affordable antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by monitoring bacterial growth. This innovation aids in combating antibiotic resistance and improving patient care.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial susceptibility testingCarbon electrodesCharge transfer resistanceImpedance spectroscopyMicrofluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates rapid and affordable antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).
  • Current AST methods can be slow, expensive, and inaccessible, hindering effective antibiotic use.
  • Developing sensitive and low-cost diagnostic tools is crucial for AMR surveillance and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel electrochemical method for rapid AST using impedance spectroscopy.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of a microfluidic device (ε-µD) with screen-printed electrodes.
  • To validate the use of diluted nutrient media for enhanced sensitivity in bacterial detection.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical monitoring of bacterial growth via impedance spectroscopy in a diluted nutrient medium.
  • Utilizing a microfluidic device with low-cost carbon screen-printed electrodes.
  • Measuring changes in charge transfer resistance in response to antibiotic treatment.

Main Results:

  • Sensitive detection of bacteria (down to 84/mm²) within three hours.
  • Successful testing of ampicillin and tetracycline efficacy against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.
  • Correlation of results from spiked urine samples with controlled samples, demonstrating clinical relevance.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrochemical microfluidic device (ε-µD) provides a rapid, sensitive, and affordable AST solution.
  • The method's reliance on diluted media enhances signal sensitivity and bacterial detection.
  • This technology has the potential to improve accessibility and affordability of AST, aiding in the fight against antibiotic resistance.