Adaptability and stability analysis via GGE biplot in single, double, and interpopulation maize hybrids

The interaction of genotype by environment challenges material selection for specific regions. The GGE biplot methodology proves to be effective in detecting and addressing this complexity. This study evaluated the performance of eight maize hybrids in three locations in the North/Northwest of Rio de Janeiro during the winter 2021-2021 and summer 2021-2022 crop seasons. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test, and the GGE biplot analysis, performed represented more than 80% of the total variation. Commercial hybrids (single and double) were more productive and more. adaptable. In contrast, UENF interpopulation hybrids presented lower productivity but higher stability, with lower-cost seeds and being more accessible, especially for producers in the North/Northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro, also becoming the most suitable. The results highlight the importance of stability and adaptability in the selection of cultivars for common corn. The use of UENF hybrids is recommended to optimize production in the region, with the GGE biplot method showing effectiveness in identifying the best genotypes, indicating that the productivity results are consistent with the proportion of heterosis explored, demonstrating that simple hybrids are the most productive, followed by double and interpopulational hybrids.