Do patient and surgical factors predict postoperative discomfort in implant dentistry?

The study utilized records from the Department of Oral Implantology at Wuhan University (May 2020 to April 2021). A total of 366 participants with missing teeth requiring implant-supported rehabilitation were included. Records detailed patient demographics, clinical procedures, and postoperative experiences. Data were collected through telephonic follow-ups and questionnaires assessing pain, anxiety, discomfort, and adverse events.

Participants were selected based on the need for dental implant placement and/or bone augmentation. Inclusion criteria included being over 18 years old, possessing basic communication skills, and providing consent. Patients with systemic diseases, acute oral infections, or contraindications to implant therapy were excluded. Secondary-stage surgeries and sites with prior augmentation or implant failure were also excluded.

Variables such as age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking status, periodontal status, surgical procedures, and postoperative complications were collected. Perception of pain, anxiety, and discomfort was measured using a numerical rating scale (NRS). Logistic regression identified predictors of discomfort severity and duration.

Most participants reported mild or no pain (78.7%) and anxiety (89.7%) during surgery. Discomfort decreased significantly over time, with 57.7% reporting discomfort on day 1, 36.1% on day 3, and 0% by day 14.

Alcohol consumption, pain perception during surgery, age, and bone augmentation procedures were key predictors of discomfort. Tailored care is recommended to enhance outcomes.