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CD1B Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Its Implications for Prognosis and Immunotherapy Outcomes
Hongwei Jin1,2, Mengting Wan1, Shuaikang Pan1,3
1Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Introduction:
The absence of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a hallmark of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which results in fewer treatment options and inferior clinical outcomes. The major histocompatibility complex family includes CD1B. By exposing T cells to lipid antigens, it alters immunological responses. Although the function of CD1B has been investigated in a number of malignancies, its relevance in TNBC has not been fully investigated.
Method:
In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of tissue samples and public databases was carried out to examine the expression of CD1B and its implications for prognosis in TNBC.
Result:
Compared to normal tissues, TNBC tissues demonstrated significantly higher levels of CD1B expression. Better overall survival, including survival without distant metastases and survival without recurrence, was found to be associated with higher levels. Additionally, more immune cells, primarily memory B cells and regulatory T cells, entering the TNBC region were found to be associated with greater levels of CD1B. It was found that the immunological microenvironment of TNBC was significantly affected by CD1B. The association between CD1B and immune-related pathways was also identified by examining functional enrichment. Drug sensitivity can be used to identify potential CD1B-targeting therapies. According to these results, CD1B might be a useful prognostic indicator and a possible target for treatment in TNBC.
Conclusion:
Nevertheless, additional experimental verification is required to verify the clinical significance of CD1B.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows higher CD1B expression, linked to improved survival and immune cell infiltration. CD1B may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for TNBC.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2, leading to limited treatment options.
- CD1B, a member of the major histocompatibility complex, presents lipid antigens to T cells, influencing immune responses.
- The role of CD1B in TNBC remains under-investigated despite its known functions in other cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of CD1B in TNBC tissues.
- To evaluate the prognostic significance of CD1B in TNBC.
- To explore the association between CD1B and the tumor immune microenvironment in TNBC.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of TNBC tissue samples.
- Analysis of public databases for CD1B expression and patient outcomes.
- Examination of immune cell infiltration and functional enrichment pathways.
Main Results:
- TNBC tissues exhibit significantly higher CD1B expression compared to normal tissues.
- Elevated CD1B levels correlate with improved overall survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and recurrence-free survival.
- Higher CD1B expression is associated with increased infiltration of immune cells, including memory B cells and regulatory T cells, and impacts the tumor immune microenvironment.
Conclusions:
- CD1B expression is a potential prognostic biomarker in TNBC.
- CD1B influences the tumor immune microenvironment and may represent a therapeutic target.
- Further experimental validation is necessary to confirm the clinical utility of CD1B in TNBC.
