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Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Christian S Hendershot1,2,3, Michael P Bremmer3,4, Michael B Paladino3,4

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This summary is machine-generated.

Low-dose semaglutide significantly reduced alcohol consumption and craving in adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study suggests GLP-1RAs may be a promising treatment for AUD, warranting further clinical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) show preclinical promise for reducing alcohol intake.
  • Randomized trials are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of GLP-1RAs in treating alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide in reducing alcohol consumption and craving in adults with AUD.
  • To assess the safety and tolerability of semaglutide in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A phase 2, double-blind, randomized, parallel-arm trial was conducted over 9 weeks with 48 non-treatment-seeking participants with AUD.
  • Participants received escalating doses of semaglutide or placebo weekly.
  • Primary outcome: laboratory alcohol self-administration; Secondary outcomes: alcohol consumption, craving, and cigarette use.

Main Results:

  • Low-dose semaglutide significantly reduced alcohol consumed in a laboratory setting and peak breath alcohol concentration.
  • Treatment led to significant reductions in drinks per drinking day and weekly alcohol craving.
  • A notable reduction in daily cigarette use was observed in a subsample of participants.

Conclusions:

  • Initial evidence suggests low-dose semaglutide can effectively reduce craving and certain drinking outcomes in individuals with AUD.
  • These findings support larger clinical trials to investigate GLP-1RAs as a potential therapeutic option for AUD.
  • Semaglutide may also have a beneficial effect on comorbid cigarette use.