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Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students: Development and Preliminary Validity and Internal

Sarah Corcoran1, Amanda Carter2, Emily Pasqualetto3

  • 1Sarah Corcoran, OTD, OTR/L, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA; scorcoran@sju.edu.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
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Summary

A new scale, the Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students (PBSOTS), was developed to measure student belonging. This scale shows good preliminary validity and reliability for use in occupational therapy education.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy education
  • Psychometric assessment
  • Student belonging

Background:

  • Belonging is crucial for occupational therapy students' academic success and career transitions.
  • Existing higher education belonging measures are not specific to occupational therapy education.
  • A validated tool is needed to assess belonging in this specific academic context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop the Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students (PBSOTS).
  • To assess the validity and internal consistency reliability of the PBSOTS.
  • To provide a tool for measuring belonging among occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant students.

Main Methods:

  • Scale development involved literature review, expert interviews, and a student focus group.
  • Item refinement utilized content validity index ratings and expert feedback.
  • Psychometric analysis included exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability testing on data from 162 students.

Main Results:

  • The final 20-item Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students (PBSOTS) demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = .92).
  • Exploratory factor analysis identified four factors explaining 61.13% of the variance.
  • Preliminary validity and reliability were established through rigorous testing.

Conclusions:

  • The PBSOTS is a promising tool for measuring belonging in occupational therapy education, based on preliminary findings.
  • Further research and development are recommended to refine and validate the PBSOTS.
  • The scale can inform occupational therapy programs about students' sense of belonging to improve educational experiences.