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Investigating ultra-large large-scale structures: potential implications for cosmology.

Alexia M Lopez1, Roger Clowes1, Gerard Williger2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two massive cosmic structures, the Giant Arc and Big Ring, challenge the standard cosmological model. Their immense size and proximity question the cosmological principle and may indicate new physics beyond current understanding.

Keywords:
cosmological principleintervening absorptionlarge-scale structure

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Large-Scale Structure (LSS) studies

Background:

  • Large-scale structure studies are crucial for understanding the Universe's matter distribution.
  • The standard [Formula: see text]CDM model and the cosmological principle (CP) are foundational to cosmology.
  • Recent discoveries of exceptionally large LSSs challenge the CP's scale of homogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review two recent, unusually large LSS discoveries: the Giant Arc (GA) and the Big Ring (BR).
  • To discuss the implications of these structures for the cosmological principle and the [Formula: see text]CDM model.
  • To highlight potential evidence for new physics beyond the standard model.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large-scale structures using observational data.
  • Mapping faint matter at intermediate redshifts.
  • Interpretation of Mg II absorption doublets in background quasar spectra.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of the Giant Arc (approx. 1 Gpc) and the Big Ring (approx. 400 Mpc).
  • Both structures are located at the same redshift and in close proximity on the sky.
  • These structures individually and collectively exceed the accepted scale of homogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • The GA and BR challenge the validity of the cosmological principle.
  • These findings raise questions about the standard [Formula: see text]CDM model.
  • The existence of these large structures may hint at physics beyond the standard model.