Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reduced Mass Coordinates: Isolated Two-body Problem01:12

Reduced Mass Coordinates: Isolated Two-body Problem

1.2K
In classical mechanics, the two-body problem is one of the fundamental problems describing the motion of two interacting bodies under gravity or any other central force. When considering the motion of two bodies, one of the most important concepts is the reduced mass coordinates, a quantity that allows the two-body problem to be solved like a single-body problem. In these circumstances, it is assumed that a single body with reduced mass revolves around another body fixed in a position with an...
1.2K
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon

1.9K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
1.9K
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

1.4K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
1.4K
Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

7.4K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
7.4K
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion01:29

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

4.1K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
4.1K
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion01:18

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

3.2K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Inverse FIP effect plasma in the solar atmosphere: a synthesis of current understanding and new insights from AR 11967.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Signs of sulfur fractionation under high magnetic field strength.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

First ionization potential fractionation of sulfur observed with spectral imaging of the coronal environment.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Chromospheric dynamics and turbulence regulate the solar FIP effect.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Exploring the link between wave activity in the photospheric velocity driver and the FIP bias in the solar corona.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Radiative hydrodynamic simulations of first ionization potential fractionation in solar flares.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

7.8K

Challenges to the [Formula: see text]CDM cosmology.

George Efstathiou1

  • 1Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Madingley Road, Cambridge.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|February 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The standard cosmological model accurately describes cosmic microwave background (CMB) data but faces challenges. This review examines tensions with Hubble constant measurements, weak lensing, and dark energy evolution from DESI.

Keywords:
dark energydark matterinflation

More Related Videos

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

4.8K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2025

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

7.8K
Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

4.8K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • The standard six-parameter Lambda Cold Dark Matter ([Formula: see text]CDM) model precisely fits cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations.
  • Fundamental understanding of dark matter, dark energy, and cosmic inflation remains elusive.
  • Discrepancies between CMB data and other cosmological observations warrant investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss tensions between CMB data and independent cosmological probes.
  • To highlight challenges to the standard cosmological model.
  • To explore implications for dark energy and dark matter research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing observational data and theoretical frameworks.
  • Analysis of tensions with direct Hubble constant measurements.
  • Examination of weak gravitational lensing data.
  • Discussion of recent results from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI).

Main Results:

  • Significant tensions exist between CMB-derived parameters and direct measurements of the Hubble constant.
  • Discrepancies are observed in weak gravitational lensing data.
  • Recent DESI data suggest possible evolution in dark energy properties.
  • These tensions challenge the completeness of the standard [Formula: see text]CDM model.

Conclusions:

  • The standard cosmological model, while successful for CMB data, faces significant challenges from other observations.
  • Further research is crucial to reconcile these tensions and understand the fundamental nature of dark matter and dark energy.
  • Investigating these discrepancies may lead to new physics beyond the standard model.