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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Head and Neck Cancers.

Archana Kudrimoti1, Mahesh R Kudrimoti2

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kentucky, UK Healthcare at Turfland, 2195 Harrodsburg Road, Suite 125, Lexington, KY 40504, USA.

Primary Care
|February 12, 2025
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Summary

Primary care physicians will see more head and neck cancer survivors due to rising treatable cancer rates. Clinicians must manage therapy side effects and support survivorship plans for patients experiencing changes in eating, drinking, and speech.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Cancer Survivorship

Background:

  • Head and neck cancers represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies with an increasing incidence of curable forms.
  • Multidisciplinary teams provide comprehensive treatment for head and neck cancers.
  • Rising survival rates for these cancers mean primary care physicians (PCPs) will increasingly manage survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing role of PCPs in managing head and neck cancer survivors.
  • To emphasize the need for PCPs to understand the long-term sequelae of cancer therapy.
  • To prepare clinicians for integrating cancer survivorship care into primary care settings.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review and commentary based on current clinical knowledge and trends in oncology and primary care.
  • No specific patient data or clinical trials were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Head and neck cancer survivors frequently experience physiological and functional changes affecting vital daily activities.
  • These changes impact essential functions like eating, drinking, and speech and communication.
  • Anticipated increase in survivor population necessitates proactive PCP involvement.

Conclusions:

  • PCPs must be educated on the specific challenges faced by head and neck cancer survivors.
  • Awareness of treatment-related sequelae is crucial for effective patient management.
  • PCPs are integral to comprehensive cancer survivorship plans, ensuring long-term patient well-being.