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Ribes nigrum leaf extract downregulates pro-inflammatory gene expression and regulates redox balance in microglial
Alvard Minasyan1, Vivien Pires2, Catherine Gondcaille2
1Research Institute of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, 1 A. Manoogian Str., Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
|February 12, 2025
Summary
Black currant leaf extract exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in microglial cells. This highlights its potential for neurodegenerative disorder therapies.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Neurodegenerative disorders are often associated with oxidative and inflammatory processes in microglial cells.
- Ribes nigrum (black currant) leaves contain phenolic compounds with known biological activities.
- Investigating natural extracts for neuroprotective potential is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of alcohol extracts from Ribes nigrum leaves.
- To assess the impact of these extracts on murine BV-2 microglial cells, including wild-type (Wt) and Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 deficient (Acox1-/-) models.
- To explore the potential of Ribes nigrum extracts in managing oxidative stress relevant to neurodegenerative conditions.
Main Methods:
- Chemical composition analysis of the extract using LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS.
- In vitro assays including DPPH, MTT, and H₂DCFDA to determine antioxidant capacity, cell viability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
- Immunoblotting and RT-qPCR to analyze protein and gene expression of key enzymes and inflammatory markers (e.g., Catalase, ACOX1, iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α).
Main Results:
- The Ribes nigrum extract was rich in phenolic compounds like flavan-3-ols and flavonols.
- The extract demonstrated significant antioxidant activity and reduced ROS and nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 cells.
- Treatment modulated the activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase, ACOX1) and inflammatory markers in both Wt and Acox1-/- microglial cells.
Conclusions:
- Ribes nigrum leaf extract possesses significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- The extract demonstrated protective effects on BV-2 microglial cells by mitigating oxidative and nitrosative stress.
- These findings suggest that Ribes nigrum extracts hold promise as therapeutic agents for conditions involving oxidative stress and inflammation.
