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Cuttlefish-Bone-Derived Hybrid Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Vignesh Raj Sivaperumal1, Sutha Sadhasivam2, Ramalingam Manikandan3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College (Autonomous), Perambalur 621 212, Tamil Nadu, India.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed novel hydroxyapatite (HA)/sodium alginate (SA) composite scaffolds from cuttlefish bone for hard tissue regeneration. The HA/SA nanocomposites show excellent mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and high cell viability, making them promising for tissue engineering.

Keywords:
biocompatibilitycuttlefish bonehydrothermalhydroxyapatitescaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Growing interest in biomaterials for cartilage and bone defect repair.
  • Hydroxyapatite (HA)/sodium alginate (SA) composites are crucial for musculoskeletal therapies.
  • Cuttlefish bone (CFB) offers a sustainable source for biomaterial development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize novel HA/SA composite scaffolds derived from CFB.
  • To evaluate the structural, mechanical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties of the developed scaffolds.
  • To assess the potential of these scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration applications.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrothermal synthesis of HA from CFB.
  • Fabrication of HA/SA nanocomposite scaffolds.
  • Characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses.
  • Mechanical testing under applied load.
  • Antibacterial activity testing against E. coli and S. aureus.
  • In vitro cell viability assessment.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized HA from CFB without altering biological properties.
  • HA/SA nanocomposites exhibited increased hardness with higher interfacial density.
  • Demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. coli (18 mm inhibition zone) and S. aureus (20 mm inhibition zone).
  • Achieved high cell viability (97.2%) with minimal decrease compared to untreated cultures.

Conclusions:

  • CFB-derived HA/SA nanocomposite scaffolds are effectively fabricated using a hydrothermal technique.
  • The developed scaffolds possess favorable mechanical strength, antibacterial properties, and excellent biocompatibility.
  • These HA/SA scaffolds represent a promising alternative for diverse tissue engineering applications, particularly for hard tissue regeneration.