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Protein Intake, Physical Performance and Body Composition in Master Athletes-A Short Scoping Review.

Bernhard Franzke1, Renate Maierhofer1, Peter Putz1

  • 1Research Center Health Sciences, FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences, 1100 Vienna, Austria.

Nutrients
|February 13, 2025
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Summary

Protein intake is crucial for athletic performance, but evidence-based recommendations for master athletes are lacking. Higher protein intake may benefit muscle mass and function in aging athletes, but more research is needed.

Keywords:
dietelderly athletesexercise performancemuscle massmuscle qualitymuscle strength

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Nutrition Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Sufficient protein intake supports muscle mass, strength, and recovery, vital for athletic performance.
  • Aging athletes (master athletes) lack specific, evidence-based protein intake recommendations.
  • Existing research on protein and master athletes is limited and diverse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize existing research on protein intake in master athletes.
  • To identify common outcomes related to protein intake, body composition, and performance.
  • To suggest future research directions for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of literature from PubMedMedline, SPORTDiscuss, and ScienceDirect.
  • Inclusion of observational and interventional studies linking protein intake to body composition or performance.
  • Analysis of 12 suitable reports on master athletes across various sports and age ranges.

Main Results:

  • Average protein intake in reviewed studies ranged from 1.0 to 1.9 g/kg/day.
  • Seven studies focused on endurance athletes, four on multi-sport athletes, and one on strength athletes.
  • Evidence suggests potential benefits of higher protein intake for muscle mass and function, though limited by study heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence suggests higher protein intake may benefit aging athletes' muscle health and performance.
  • Significant heterogeneity in study design and outcomes limits generalizability of findings.
  • Further high-quality research is essential to establish clear dietary recommendations for master athletes.