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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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A Prognostic Symptom Model Incorporating Patient-Reported Symptoms for Transplant-Ineligible Patients with Multiple

Amaris K Balitsky1,2,3, Rinku Sutradhar4,5, Hsien Seow1,2,3,6

  • 1Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada.

Cancers
|February 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients with transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma (MM) often experience persistent symptoms. Baseline symptom severity is the strongest predictor of future symptom burden, including pain, tiredness, and depression.

Keywords:
multiple myelomapatient-reported outcomessymptoms

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Palliative Care

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) patients ineligible for transplantation (TIE) face significant symptom burden.
  • Predicting and managing these symptoms is crucial for improving patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a prognostic model for predicting symptom burden in TIE MM patients.
  • Identify key predictors of moderate-to-severe symptoms within one year.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 1535 TIE MM patients in Ontario, Canada.
  • Utilized linked administrative health care databases and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) data.
  • Developed a multivariable logistic regression model to predict moderate-to-severe pain, tiredness, depression, and impaired well-being at one year post-index date.

Main Results:

  • Baseline severe pain, tiredness, depression, and impaired well-being were the strongest predictors of experiencing these symptoms at one year.
  • Odds ratios for moderate-severe symptoms at one year ranged from 4.12 to 28.07 based on baseline severity.
  • The median age of patients was 75, with over 25% aged 80 or older.

Conclusions:

  • Symptom burden, including pain, tiredness, depression, and impaired well-being, persists in TIE MM patients.
  • Baseline symptom severity is the most significant predictor of future symptom burden in this population.
  • The developed prognostic model can aid in identifying TIE MM patients at high risk for persistent symptoms.