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Microstructure Evolution of Rapid Solidified Invar Alloy.

Hanxin He1, Zhirui Yao2, Junfeng Xu2,3

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rapid solidification of Invar alloy reveals microstructure changes with increasing undercooling. Grain size and orientation shift, with twin boundaries forming at higher undercooling levels.

Keywords:
EBSDInvar alloygrain boundaryundercooling

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Solidification Science

Background:

  • Invar alloy is crucial for aerospace and precision instruments.
  • Understanding its rapid solidification microstructure is essential for optimizing applications.
  • Current knowledge gaps exist regarding microstructure evolution under varying undercooling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the rapid solidification microstructure of Invar alloy.
  • To analyze the effects of undercooling (5 K to 231 K) on microstructure evolution.
  • To elucidate the relationship between undercooling, grain characteristics, and boundary formation.

Main Methods:

  • Optical microscopy for macroscopic structural observation.
  • Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) for crystallographic orientation and grain analysis.
  • Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for detailed microstructural and boundary investigation.

Main Results:

  • Microstructure transitioned from dendrites to columnar and then equiaxed grains with increasing undercooling (5 K to 181 K).
  • An anomalous grain size increase occurred between 181 K and 193 K undercooling.
  • High undercooling (ΔT > 181 K) resulted in bimodal grain sizes and loss of preferred growth orientation.
  • Twin boundaries and high-angle grain boundaries increased with undercooling, confirmed by TEM.

Conclusions:

  • Undercooling significantly dictates Invar alloy's rapid solidification microstructure.
  • Grain morphology, size, orientation, and boundary characteristics are sensitive to undercooling levels.
  • The formation of twin boundaries at high undercooling is a key microstructural feature impacting alloy properties.