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Severity Matters: How COVID-19 Severity Impacts Long-Term Effects on Symptoms, Physical Activity and Functionality-An
Laura Pérez-Gisbert1, Concepción Morales-García2, José Antonio Sánchez-Martínez2
1Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración nº 60, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2025
Summary
COVID-19 survivors with severe or critical illness experience more symptoms, reduced physical activity, and diminished functionality compared to mild or moderate cases. This highlights the long-term impact of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on patient recovery.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Existing literature details common coronavirus disease (COVID-19) symptoms and long-term effects.
- Limited information exists on how varying COVID-19 severity impacts survivors differently.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate symptoms, physical activity, and functionality in COVID-19 survivors across different severity levels.
- To compare COVID-19 survivors with a control group of healthy individuals.
Main Methods:
- Observational study adhering to STROBE criteria.
- Participants categorized into 5 groups: healthy, mild, moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19.
- Assessed symptoms, physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and functionality (Patient-Specific Functional Scale, etc.).
Main Results:
- 304 participants included: 42 healthy, 143 mild, 49 moderate, 52 severe, 18 critical.
- COVID-19's impact on survivors significantly correlates with disease severity.
- Severe/critical cases showed greater frailty, dysphagia, fatigue, dyspnea, pain, poorer health, reduced activity, and diminished functionality.
Conclusions:
- Higher COVID-19 severity (severe/critical) leads to more symptoms, poorer overall health, reduced physical activity, and diminished functionality.
- No evidence of post-COVID-19 anxiety or depression found in the study sample.
- ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05731817.
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