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Sleep as a mediator between chronic diseases and depression: a NHANES study (2005-2018)
Ming Tan1,2, Haihong Zhao1,2, Ruya Nie1,2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jingmen Central Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei, China.
Frontiers in Psychology
|February 13, 2025
Summary
Common chronic diseases like stroke, heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension increase depression risk in US adults. Sleep disturbances mediate this link, highlighting sleep quality
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Chronic diseases are prevalent among US adults, posing significant public health challenges.
- Depression is a common mental health condition with multifactorial causes.
- The interplay between chronic physical conditions, sleep disturbances, and mental well-being requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between common chronic diseases and depression in US adults.
- To examine the mediating role of sleep quality and duration in the relationship between chronic diseases and depression.
- To provide evidence-based recommendations for depression prevention strategies targeting individuals with chronic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study utilizing data from 10,710 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005-2018.
- Statistical analyses included logistic regression, subgroup analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and mediation analysis.
- Investigated associations between stroke, heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, sleep disturbances, and depression.
Main Results:
- Stroke, heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension were significantly associated with an increased probability of depression.
- Trouble sleeping demonstrated a strong positive association with depression, while longer sleep hours showed a protective effect.
- Mediation analysis revealed that sleep disturbances partially mediated the relationship between chronic diseases (stroke, heart disease, diabetes, hypertension) and depression.
Conclusions:
- Chronic diseases are linked to a higher likelihood of depression among US adults.
- Sleep problems, including trouble sleeping and insufficient sleep duration, play a significant mediating role in this association.
- Interventions addressing sleep quality and duration may be crucial for preventing depression in individuals with chronic diseases.
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