Enhancing Performance of NiO_x-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Advances in Buried Interface Material...

Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become a current research hotspot due to their advantages such as low-temperature preparation, low hysteresis, and compatibility with stacked other cells. NiO_x, as a metal oxide hole transport layer material, is widely used in inverted PSCs. However, challenges such as high defect density, low intrinsic conductivity, and unfavorable valence band mismatch at the NiO_x/perovskite interface hinder further improvement of device performance. Therefore, enhancing the buried interface between NiO_x and perovskite layers is crucial for optimizing performance. This review systematically categorizes materials based on their types, including organic small molecules, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), polymers, and salts. Additionally, it incorporates other strategies, such as the introduction of low-dimensional materials, metal doping, and advancements in NiO_x deposition technology. By reviewing the materials and technologies used in the past 2 years, this article aims to provide insights for enhancing the buried interface to achieve more efficient and stable NiO_x-based PSCs. Finally, we also discuss future directions and challenges.