Molecular Circuit-Controlled Nanoparticle Folders for Programmable DNA Information Access

DNA storage has become an attractive alternative to long-term, stable digital data storage because of its high storage density and strong stability. Recently, numerous efforts have been made to develop DNA data access methods to improve the efficiency and accuracy of molecular data reading. However, most current data access methods were achieved by well-developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA hybridization, which lack the exploration of dynamic and programmable operations for data access. Here, we propose a programmable DNA data access strategy in which the nanoparticle folders are controlled by DNAzyme circuits to achieve specific information manipulation. We experimentally demonstrate three kinds of circuit programs that access specific information in YES, AND, and OR logic manner. In addition, the selective information access was performed by using a DNAzyme circuit to obtain the target information from a DNA data pool. Importantly, we have extended the circuit-controlled framework to multiple manipulation modes, demonstrating four manipulations on two AuNP folders to access different information on demand. The programmable access strategy provides a paradigm for integrated DNA computing and storage systems and has more applications in the fields of molecular computation and DNA data storage.