Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

1.4K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
1.4K
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

1.4K
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
1.4K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

2.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.8K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

3.3K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
3.3K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

3.7K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
3.7K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

3.4K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bidirectional Relationship and Shared Mechanisms Between Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis: An Observational Study Integrating Genomic, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Data.

Aging cell·2026
Same author

Temporal Trends and Cross-Country Inequalities in the Burden of Osteoarthritis, 1990-2021: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

International journal of rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

The American College of Rheumatology Updated Recommended Methods for Development of Disease Classification and Response Criteria.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

Free Vascularized Fibular Grafting for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

JBJS essential surgical techniques·2026
Same author

Gender Equity in Rheumatology Research: Global Analysis of Authors.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

The Painful Truth: The Relationship Between Nonarticular Pain and Patient Global Assessment Before and After Initiating a New Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug for Active Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Arthritis care & research·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Buruli ulcer in Africa: between innovation and pragmatism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Atopic dermatitis.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Integrating sexual health into care for patients with cancer and chronic illness.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
06:06

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

5.8K

Osteoarthritis.

Su'an Tang1,2,3, Changqing Zhang4, Win Min Oo5,6

  • 1Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|February 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoarthritis is a complex joint disease causing pain and disability. Understanding its mechanisms and improving adherence to treatments like exercise and weight management are key to reducing its global burden.

More Related Videos

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

4.2K
The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse
09:26

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse

Published on: May 16, 2016

34.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2025

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
06:06

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

5.8K
Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

4.2K
The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse
09:26

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse

Published on: May 16, 2016

34.9K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread, debilitating joint disease causing pain and functional loss.
  • Key risk factors include obesity and joint injury, which are modifiable.
  • Complex mechanisms like inflammation and metabolic processes contribute to OA development and pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding and controversies in osteoarthritis (OA).
  • To highlight advances in OA pathophysiology and pain mechanisms.
  • To discuss current management strategies and adherence challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence base on osteoarthritis.
  • Synthesis of insights on disease mechanisms and pain.
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies and their adherence.

Main Results:

  • OA is a heterogeneous disease with significant individual and societal costs.
  • Effective management relies on lifestyle interventions, but adherence is a challenge.
  • Joint replacement remains an option for severe, refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Further understanding of OA mechanisms is crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Improving adherence to established treatments is vital for reducing disease burden.
  • Osteoarthritis significantly impacts quality of life and healthcare systems.