Incidence of Episiotomy in Kasr Alainy OBGYN Hospital in Cairo, Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: This study aims to determine the incidence of episiotomy in Kasr Alainy OBGYN Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. The objectives include identifying and examining the reasons behind the notably higher episiotomy rates in this region, and assessing the relevance of general WHO recommendations in lower-middle-income countries. Design: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1, 2022 and June 30, 2022, to determine the incidence of episiotomy among vaginal deliveries in the hospital. Setting: Data was collected from patient charts at Kasr Alainy OBGYN Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Patient Sample: The total number of patient charts inspected was 1731, of which 1545 met the inclusion criteria. Methods: Data were manually collected from patient hospital records at the end of each day, and entered into a standardized data-collection form. The data collected was then statistically analyzed using SPSS. Main Outcome Measures: The overall incidence of episiotomy was 64%. Results: When analyzed by gravidity, the incidence was found to be 97% in primigravida patients and 52% in multigravida patients. Additionally, several other associated factors were examined. Conclusions: The incidence of episiotomy at Kasr Alainy OBGYN Hospital surpasses the rate recommended by the WHO. Our observations suggest that the primary contributing factors to this elevated incidence include perineal rigidity, the duration of labor, and local practice standards. Further research is recommended to explore the impact of perineal massage before and during delivery, as well as patients' lifestyle factors, on the necessity for episiotomy.