Process-Focused Approach to Reduce Central Line Bloodstream Infections in the Pediatric Population

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Healthcare
• Infection Prevention and Control
• Quality Improvement in Medicine

Background:

• A 166.67% rise in central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) was noted in the pediatric population in 2022.
• This surge necessitated immediate intervention to enhance patient safety and reduce infection rates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To implement and evaluate targeted interventions aimed at decreasing CLABSIs in a pediatric and neonatal setting.
• To analyze the impact of a quality improvement initiative on CLABSI rates within a specialized medical center.

Main Methods:

• A multidisciplinary quality improvement group was formed to address the rising CLABSI rates.
• Key interventions included reinforcing hand hygiene compliance, developing educational resources, implementing CLABSI prevention competencies, and conducting regular bundle audits.

Main Results:

• The institution achieved a 71% reduction in its CLABSI rate.
• The rate decreased from 1.59 CLABSIs per 1,000 central line days in 2022 to 0.46 CLABSIs per 1,000 central line days in 2023.

Conclusions:

• A multifaceted quality improvement strategy, with a strong unit-level focus, was effective in significantly reducing CLABSIs.
• The initiative demonstrated success in improving patient safety within pediatric and neonatal units.