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Student perceptions and outcomes from asynchronous versus synchronous remote learning in a pharmacy skills course
Stephanie L Hsia1, Gabriela Mackey2, Raka Mondal3
1University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning
|February 14, 2025
Summary
Remote pharmacy skills learning can be effective asynchronously, with students valuing peer interaction and feedback. Synchronous sessions offer real-time faculty feedback, but no format showed a strong preference. Asynchronous learning proved effective for foundational patient care skills.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy education
- Remote learning
- Pedagogy
Background:
- Pharmacy skills education traditionally relies on in-person, synchronous sessions.
- The shift to remote learning necessitates evaluating alternative pedagogical approaches.
- Understanding student experiences and learning outcomes in different remote formats is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness of asynchronous versus synchronous remote learning for pharmacy skills.
- To characterize student experiences in both remote learning formats.
- To assess the impact on Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) performance.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews and quantitative OSCE performance data.
- Semi-structured interviews analyzed thematically.
- Statistical analysis of OSCE pass rates and questionnaire data.
Main Results:
- Students reported benefits and drawbacks for both asynchronous (peer interaction, preparation) and synchronous (real-time faculty feedback) formats.
- No significant preference emerged between the two remote formats.
- Asynchronous remote learning was effective for foundational patient care skills, with first-year students performing better on remote OSCEs compared to in-person ones.
Conclusions:
- Asynchronous remote learning is a viable option for teaching lower-level cognitive skills in pharmacy.
- Thoughtful design is essential when transitioning synchronous sessions to asynchronous formats.
- Effective asynchronous learning incorporates peer interaction, individualized feedback, and comprehensive materials.
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