Identifying key genes, miRNAs, and pathways in keloid formation: A bioinformatics and experimental study

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Molecular Biology
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• Keloids are challenging skin growths with unpredictable behavior and limited treatment options.
• Understanding the molecular basis of keloid formation is crucial for developing effective therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key gene expression alterations in keloid formation.
• To discover potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for keloid disorders.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of gene expression in keloid and normal skin samples.
• Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Gene Ontology and KEGG pathways.
• Construction of a protein-protein interaction network.
• Identification of hub genes and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs).

Main Results:

• Enriched pathways included collagen-containing extracellular matrix (ECM).
• Ten hub genes and one key microRNA, miR-22-5p, were identified.
• RUNX2 was validated as a crucial differentially expressed gene in keloid tissue.
• RUNX2, IGF1, EGF, and PPARGC1A were predicted targets of miR-22-5p.

Conclusions:

• The study elucidates molecular mechanisms underlying keloid formation.
• The miR-22-5p/RUNX2 axis presents a potential therapeutic target for keloid diagnosis and treatment.
• Findings provide a foundation for improved clinical management of keloid disorders.