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Androgenic steroid effects on liver and red cells
British Journal of Sports Medicine
|March 1, 1985
Summary
Self-administering anabolic steroids significantly increased red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in power athletes. Mild liver function impairment was also observed with sustained high-dose testosterone use.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are performance-enhancing drugs.
- Self-administration of AAS is prevalent in power athletes.
- Understanding the haematological and hepatic effects of AAS is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the haematological and hepatic effects of self-administered testosterone/AAS in power athletes.
- To assess changes during a 26-week training period.
Main Methods:
- A study group of five power athletes self-administered testosterone/AAS.
- A control group of six athletes was monitored.
- Haematological parameters (haematocrit, RBC, MCV, haemoglobin, MCHC, ESR) and liver function tests (ALT, ALP, GGT, AST) were measured over 26 weeks.
Main Results:
- The study group showed a significant increase in blood haematocrit (9.6%) and red blood cells (RBC).
- Mean MCHC levels decreased significantly, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) decreased.
- Liver enzymes remained mostly within normal ranges, though AST occasionally exceeded normal limits, possibly due to training.
Conclusions:
- Sustained high-dose testosterone/AAS administration stimulates erythropoiesis in power athletes.
- Mild impairment of liver function may occur with long-term AAS use.
- The observed haematological and hepatic changes highlight potential health risks associated with AAS self-administration.