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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Immunological Memory01:23

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
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Updated: May 27, 2025

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
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Autoimmunity in long COVID.

Shubha Talwar1, James A Harker1, Peter J M Openshaw1

  • 1National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, may involve autoimmune responses. Research suggests B-cell dysregulation and autoantibodies after infection could contribute to persistent symptoms.

Keywords:
B-cell dysregulationLong COVIDautoantibodiesautoimmunity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Long COVID (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2) affects up to 10% of individuals post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to varied symptoms, lack of biomarkers, and unclear pathogenesis.
  • Hypothesized causes include viral persistence, inflammation, microbiome changes, and autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms of autoimmune responses post-viral infection.
  • To focus on evidence of B-cell dysregulation and autoantibody production in acute and Long COVID.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on viral infections and autoimmune responses.
  • Analysis of evidence for B-cell abnormalities and autoantibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Examination of the role of autoantibodies in Long COVID pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Viral infections can trigger autoimmune responses through various mechanisms.
  • Studies indicate autoantibody production after SARS-CoV-2 infection, though their persistence and role are debated.
  • B-cell dysregulation is implicated in the development of these autoimmune phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune responses, including B-cell dysregulation and autoantibody production, are a plausible contributing factor to Long COVID.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the role and persistence of autoantibodies in Long COVID.
  • Understanding these autoimmune mechanisms may lead to improved diagnostics and treatments for Long COVID.