Highly efficient tumor oxygen supplementation MnO₂ nano-MOF encapsulated Sorafenib for multiple synergistic...

Tumor growth often creates hypoxic conditions within the tumor microenvironment, which can limit the effectiveness of therapies. To address this issue, a novel "all-in-one" nanoplatform called PCN-224(Hf)@Sorafenib@(PSM) has been developed. This nanoplatform utilizes PCN-224(Hf)-modified MnO₂ and combines various therapeutic modalities-chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and radiotherapy (RT)-to enhance treatment efficacy. In the PSM nanoplatform, MnO₂ decomposes H₂O₂ to produce oxygen (O₂) and reacts with glutathione (GSH) to form Mn²⁺. This process catalyzes a Fenton-like reaction that generates hydroxyl radicals (·OH), facilitating CDT. When exposed to 635 nm light irradiation, the porphyrin ligand in PCN-224(Hf) produces singlet oxygen (¹O₂), while the Hf₆ clusters contribute to the PDT effects. Furthermore, the nanoplatform enhances radiotherapy by harnessing high-energy radiation. Studies have demonstrated that PSM effectively kills solid tumors even in hypoxic conditions and significantly inhibits tumor growth. This innovative nanoplatform showcases high efficacy in multimodal synergistic tumor treatment, successfully integrating multiple therapeutic approaches to overcome the challenges posed by hypoxia.