What does it mean? Translating anatomical language to engage public audiences

The language of anatomy, with its roots in Ancient Greek and Roman languages, is complex and unfamiliar to many. Its complexity creates a significant barrier to public knowledge and understanding of anatomy-many members of the public find themselves asking "what does it mean?", and this can manifest as poor health literacy and outcomes. To address this, anatomists who interact with the public should be able to translate anatomical language and support the development of individuals' foundational understanding of why structures are named the way they are. In this review, language is categorized by themes that inform the naming of anatomical structures, such as function, location, and appearance, and paired with pedagogical approaches informed by education and public engagement research to underpin effective communication that demystifies the language of anatomy for public audiences. Drawing on pre-existing sometimes unrelated knowledge, gamification and quizzes can make language more accessible and recognizable. Humorous etymological insights into the origins of anatomical terms can build rapport between anatomist and public audience and normalize discussions about sensitive topics, such as genitalia, in an inclusive manner. Finally, eponyms, while contentious due to their lack of diversity and ethical concerns, can serve as narrative subjects to start discussions that address anatomy's relevance to wider socio-political and bioethical discourse. Ultimately, by deploying established science communication tools when translating anatomical language, anatomists can deliver effective public engagement that cultivates ongoing curiosity in anatomy, its language, and more broadly health.