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AI and Neurology
Julian Bösel1,2,3, Rohan Mathur4, Lin Cheng4
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. mail@julian-boesel.de.
Neurological Research and Practice
|February 16, 2025
Summary
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing neurology, enhancing diagnostics and treatment. Neurologists must understand AI's benefits and ethical considerations for safe integration into patient care.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Artificial Intelligence
- Medical Informatics
Background:
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly impacting all medical fields, including the complex discipline of neurology.
- AI applications in neurology extend beyond neuroimaging to diagnostics, prognostication, prediction, decision-making, and therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental principles of various AI types.
- To explore the application of AI in neurology, covering diverse subspecialties.
- To identify and discuss the associated risks and ethical challenges.
Main Methods:
- Summarization of AI principles and their neurological applications.
- Presentation of exemplary studies in acute/intensive care neurology, stroke, epilepsy, and movement disorders.
- Analysis of AI's potential benefits against risks concerning ethics, safety, and equality.
Main Results:
- AI demonstrates significant potential to advance neurologic diagnostics, prognostication, and treatment strategies.
- Noteworthy AI applications are emerging across various neurological subspecialties.
- Ethical, safety, and equality challenges must be addressed for responsible AI adoption.
Conclusions:
- AI is transforming the field of neurology, necessitating prospective studies and federated learning for generalizability.
- Neurologists must be adept at leveraging AI's benefits while mitigating risks related to safety, ethics, and equity.
