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B cell dysfunction in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Lijie Ma1, Xuehua Sun1, Xiaoni Kong1

  • 1Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Liver Research
|February 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) involves impaired B cell function, hindering antibody production against hepatitis B virus (HBV). This review explores B cell dysfunction mechanisms to guide new CHB treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a significant global health issue.
  • Functional cure of CHB requires antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
  • Adaptive immune responses in CHB patients are often inefficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review B cell dysfunction in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection.
  • To elucidate potential mechanisms underlying B cell dysfunctions.
  • To provide insights for novel CHB therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on B cell responses in CHB.
  • Analysis of B cell subsets and their functions in CHB patients.
  • Examination of mechanisms contributing to B cell impairment.

Main Results:

  • B cells exhibit dysfunction in HBsAg antibody production and antigen presentation.
  • CHB patients show increased atypical memory B cells (CD19+CD10-CD27-CD21-) and regulatory B cells (CD19+CD24hiCD38hi).
  • Dysfunctional B cells contribute to the failure of adaptive immunity against HBV.

Conclusions:

  • B cell abnormalities play a critical role in CHB pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these B cell dysfunctions offers new therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into B cell mechanisms can advance CHB treatment and functional cure.

Keywords:
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs)Atypical memory B cells (atMBCs)B cell dysfunctionChronic hepatitis B virus infectionHepatitis B surface antibodyRegulatory B cells (Bregs)

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