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Epigenetic regulation in coronary artery disease: from mechanisms to emerging therapies

Rui Gao1,2,3, Meilin Liu1,2,3, Haoyi Yang1,2,3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
|February 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Epigenetic changes significantly influence coronary artery disease (CAD) development and are crucial for new treatments. Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms offers pathways for improved CAD diagnostics and interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis, the main cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), is a leading cause of death globally.
  • CAD involves cholesterol plaque buildup and inflammation, narrowing arteries and increasing rupture risk.
  • Epigenetics, involving gene expression changes without altering DNA sequence, is increasingly recognized in CAD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current epigenetic insights into CAD.
  • To explore CAD's pathological processes, molecular mechanisms, and potential biomarkers from an epigenetic viewpoint.
  • To discuss emerging epigenetic therapeutic strategies for CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing recent findings on epigenetics and CAD.
  • Focus on key epigenetic enzymes and their target genes.
  • Analysis of epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in CAD.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations play a significant role in CAD development.
  • Epigenetic factors are transitioning from understanding disease mechanisms to therapeutic applications.
  • Key epigenetic enzymes and their target genes are identified as crucial for CAD diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic insights are vital for advancing CAD diagnostics and interventions.
  • Targeting epigenetic pathways presents promising therapeutic strategies for CAD.
  • Further research into pivotal epigenetic enzymes and genes can enhance CAD management.

Keywords:
DNA methylationatherosclerosiscoronary artery diseaseepigeneticshistone modificationsnon-coding RNAstherapeutic targets

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