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Geospatial Access to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the United States

  • 0Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Critical Care Medicine +

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February 17, 2025

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February 17, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sixty-seven percent of the U.S. population has access to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centers. Significant disparities in ECMO access exist, particularly for rural and underserved populations, highlighting the need for equitable care strategies.

Area Of Science

  • Medical Systems Analysis
  • Geospatial Health Informatics
  • Public Health Policy

Background

  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides critical life support but requires specialized centers.
  • Understanding the geographic distribution and accessibility of ECMO centers is vital for public health.
  • Existing analyses of ECMO access often lack detailed geospatial and demographic granularity.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To perform a Geospatial Information System (GIS) analysis of ECMO centers in the U.S.
  • To assess current access to ECMO care across the U.S. population.
  • To identify and characterize disparities in ECMO access based on geographic and demographic factors.

Main Methods

  • Cross-sectional descriptive and statistical analysis of geospatial access to ECMO centers.
  • Utilized U.S. Census block groups and American Community Survey demographic data.
  • Incorporated U.S. Census population data for patient representation.

Main Results

  • 67% of the U.S. population had direct ground transportation access to an ECMO center.
  • Significant access disparities were identified in Puerto Rico, Wyoming, North Dakota, and Alaska.
  • Poverty, older age, lower population density, and racial/ethnic minority status correlated with reduced access, especially in the Midwest and Northeast.

Conclusions

  • Despite 67% national access, substantial disparities in ECMO center accessibility persist.
  • Equitable implementation of ECMO systems of care is crucial.
  • Future strategies should explore advanced technologies like aeromedical transport to improve access.

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