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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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Antifibrotic Function of Itaconate-Based Degradable Polyester Materials.

Zachary S C S Froom1, Kyle Medd1, Brenden P Wheeler1

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculties of Medicine and Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|February 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel polymer delivery system for itaconate (IA) to treat fibrotic diseases. The biodegradable polymer releases IA, effectively reducing pro-fibrotic cell activity and offering a promising new therapeutic strategy.

Keywords:
drug deliveryfibrosisimmunometabolisminflammationpolyester

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Pathological fibrosis is a chronic disease driven by excessive extracellular matrix deposition.
  • Current antifibrotic therapies are limited by the complex signaling between macrophages and fibroblasts in fibrotic microenvironments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antifibrotic potential of itaconate (IA) delivered via a novel biodegradable polymer.
  • To target the macrophage-fibroblast axis in fibrotic diseases for improved therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of itaconate (IA) into biodegradable polyester polymers (poly[IA-DoD]) for sustained localized release.
  • Characterization of poly(IA-DoD) degradation and release kinetics.
  • Assessment of poly(IA-DoD) degradation products on murine macrophages and human dermal fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • Poly(IA-DoD) demonstrated sustained release of IA and IA-containing oligomers.
  • Degradation products of poly(IA-DoD) modulated profibrotic macrophage responses.
  • Fibroblast proliferation and α-smooth muscle actin expression were reduced by the polymer degradation products.

Conclusions:

  • Poly(IA-DoD) effectively targets key cellular players in fibrosis, disrupting the fibrotic cycle.
  • This polymer-based delivery system presents a promising strategy for treating fibrotic diseases.