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A complex clinical case of intracardiac leiomyomatosis

Yuanzhi Li1, Yidan Li1, Min Liang2

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|February 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Intracardiac leiomyomatosis (ICL) is a rare condition where tumors invade the heart. Echocardiography is key for diagnosis, with CT and MRI aiding in assessing tumor extent and prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Intracardiac leiomyomatosis (ICL) is a rare condition involving intravascular tissue proliferation and tumor emboli.
  • Tumor invasion of cardiac structures poses a life-threatening risk.
  • Diagnosis of ICL is complex and challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) with cardiac involvement.
  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of various imaging modalities in ICL.

Main Methods:

  • A case report of a 38-year-old female patient with suspected ICL.
  • Pulmonary artery computed tomography (CT) identified intrapulmonary artery structures.
  • Echocardiography revealed intracardiac and pulmonary artery masses.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) delineated the pelvic mass and vascular extension.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed IVL post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • CT showed low-density structures in pulmonary artery branches.
  • Echocardiography revealed mobile tumors in the right heart and pulmonary trunks, with ventricular septal thickening.
  • MRI identified a uterine mass extending into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and right iliac vein.
  • Histopathology confirmed intravenous leiomyomatosis.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool for IVL affecting the heart.
  • CT and MRI are crucial for determining tumor location, extent, and prognosis.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis through integrated imaging is vital for patient management.
Abstract

Keywords:
EchocardiographyHypertrophic cardiomyopathyIntracardiac leiomyomatosis

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