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Cognition and objective sleep quality in post-COVID-19 patients
Anna Carnes-Vendrell1, Gerard Piñol-Ripoll1, Adriano Targa2
1Cognitive Disorders Unit, Cognition and Behaviour Study Group, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria, Lleida, Spain.
Frontiers in Psychology
|February 18, 2025
Summary
Objective sleep monitoring reveals differences in awakenings between hospitalized and non-hospitalized post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) patients. Sleep efficiency, not total sleep time, shows a trend towards impacting PCC cognitive function.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) can significantly impact patient well-being and cognitive function.
- Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in individuals with PCC, but objective data is limited.
- Understanding the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive deficits in PCC is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To objectively evaluate sleep quality in non-hospitalized and hospitalized PCC participants using wrist actigraphy.
- To correlate objective actigraphy sleep measures with subjective assessments like the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
- To investigate the impact of total sleep time and sleep efficiency on cognitive performance in PCC.
Main Methods:
- Utilized wrist actigraphy for one-week sleep monitoring in 49 PCC individuals from the NAUTILUS Project.
- Administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to assess cognitive functions.
- Employed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for subjective sleep quality assessment.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in the number of awakenings were observed between non-hospitalized and hospitalized PCC groups.
- A correlation was found between total sleep time measured by actigraphy and the PSQI, but not for latency or sleep efficiency.
- A trend towards statistical significance indicated that sleep efficiency, rather than total sleep time, may influence cognitive performance in PCC, particularly in immediate visual memory, attention span, and social cognition.
Conclusions:
- While the PSQI offers relevant sleep indicators, objective actigraphy reveals discrepancies in self-reported versus measured sleep parameters in PCC.
- Sleep efficiency shows a potential, statistically significant link to cognitive function in post-COVID-19 patients, suggesting its importance over total sleep time.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex relationship between sleep disturbances and cognitive sequelae in PCC.
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