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Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Otosclerosis Surgery
Kristýna Néma1,2,3, Viktor Chrobok4,5, Jan Mejzlík4,5
1Department of Military Internal Medicine and Military Hygiene, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Czech Republic. kristyna.nema@fnhk.cz.
Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)
|February 18, 2025
Summary
Otosclerosis surgery can temporarily decrease bone conduction, with most patients recovering hearing. Factors like age and initial bone conduction levels influence recovery, while early high-frequency loss predicts permanent hearing loss.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Audiology
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Otosclerosis surgery carries a risk of operative trauma leading to reduced bone conduction.
- Understanding bone conduction changes post-otosclerosis surgery is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate bone conduction alterations following otosclerosis operations.
- To identify factors contributing to postoperative bone conduction decline.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 109 patients undergoing otosclerosis surgery.
- Pure tone audiometry assessed preoperatively and at 2 days, 1 month, and 1 year postoperatively.
Main Results:
- 28% of patients experienced >5 dB bone conduction decrease by postoperative day 2, with 9% showing persistent loss at 1 year.
- Higher risk of permanent bone conduction loss was associated with early high-frequency loss, older age, and preoperative bone conduction thresholds >20 dB.
- Revision surgery was not a significant factor in bone conduction loss.
Conclusions:
- Post-otosclerosis surgery bone conduction decrease is typically transient.
- Patient age and preoperative bone conduction levels impact hearing recovery.
- Early postoperative high-frequency bone conduction decrease is a negative predictor of permanent hearing loss.
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