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Colloid Cyst of the Third Ventricle: A Case Report
Aleš Kopal1, Jiří Preis2, Leoš Ungermann3
1Neurologic Department of Faculty of Health-Care Studies University, Pardubice, and Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)
|February 18, 2025
Summary
Colloid cysts (CC) are rare intracranial tumors, typically found in the third ventricle. Despite their benign nature, their location can cause life-threatening hydrocephalus, necessitating urgent neurosurgical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Neuropathology
- Radiology
Background:
- Colloid cysts (CC) constitute about 1% of intracranial tumors and 20% of intraventricular tumors.
- CC predominantly affect individuals between 20 and 50 years old, with rare occurrences in children.
- These cysts are commonly located in the anterior third ventricle, near the foramen of Monro.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the characteristics and clinical significance of colloid cysts.
- To highlight the diagnostic imaging features of CC.
- To emphasize the potential for acute hydrocephalus and the need for prompt neurosurgical management.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on colloid cysts.
- Analysis of diagnostic imaging findings (CT and MRI).
- Discussion of clinical presentation and management strategies.
Main Results:
- Colloid cysts appear as hyperdense lesions on CT scans with variable signal intensity on MRI.
- Despite a benign histology, CCs can lead to severe complications due to their strategic location.
- Acute hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension, and altered consciousness are significant risks.
Conclusions:
- Colloid cyst of the third ventricle is a rare but critical diagnosis.
- Prompt neurosurgical intervention is often required due to the risk of acute obstructive hydrocephalus.
- Early recognition and management are vital for preventing sudden death.
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