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Chip-based Three-dimensional Cell Culture in Perfused Micro-bioreactors
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Microgel-based modular 3D in vitro microfluidic cell culture platforms.

Manleen Kaur1, Mayuri Dutta1, Soutik Betal2

  • 1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India. sneetu@iitd.ac.in.

Biomaterials Science
|February 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel microfluidic 3D cell culture platform using microgels and pH-sensing carbon dots (CDs) for real-time monitoring of cell proliferation. The system enables modular co-culturing of diverse cell types, enhancing physiological relevance for biomedical research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Traditional 2D cell cultures lack physiological relevance.
  • 3D in vitro models, like microgels, better mimic in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM) environments.
  • Need for advanced platforms for studying cell-cell interactions and tissue function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an economical and feasible microfluidic 3D in vitro culture platform.
  • To enable real-time monitoring of cellular proliferation using pH-sensing carbon dots (CDs).
  • To facilitate modular co-culturing of different cell types for studying heterotypic interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microgels encapsulating cells and pH-sensing carbon dots (CDs).
  • Co-culturing of Huh-7 and NIH-3T3 cells in microgels under static and dynamic flow conditions.
  • Assessment of cellular functionality via albumin assay, CYP3A4 gene expression, and drug toxicity assays.

Main Results:

  • Carbon dots effectively monitored cell proliferation in microgels, comparable to traditional assays.
  • The modular microgel system allowed spatial separation and controlled co-culturing of distinct cell types.
  • Co-culturing Huh-7 and NIH-3T3 cells demonstrated enhanced hepatic function, validating the platform's efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The microfluidic 3D culture platform offers a versatile and cost-effective tool for in vitro cell studies.
  • This technology enables advanced investigation of cell-cell interactions and tissue-like functions.
  • The platform has potential for expansion to multi-cellular models, advancing tissue engineering and drug development.