Genetic Control of Social Experience-Dependent Changes in Locomotor Activity in Drosophila melanogaster Males

In animals, social experience plays an important role in the adaptive modification of behavior. Previous social experience changes locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster. In females, suppression of locomotion is observed only when flies are in aggregations, but males retain a reduced level of locomotor activity up to 5 days after being isolated from the group. The mechanisms underlying such behavioral plasticity still largely are unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify new candidate genes involved in the social experience-dependent modification of locomotor activity. We tested the effect of social experience on spontaneous locomotor activity in various mutant males, including those with impaired learning and memory, circadian rhythms, some biochemical pathways, and sensory systems. The results of the present study indicate that the biogenic amines and olfactory perception appear to play key roles in social experience-induced changes in locomotor activity. Also, we performed a screen of the collection of mutants carrying random autosomal insertions of PdL transposon. We isolated five candidate genes, of which two genes, Dek and Hel89B, encode proteins related to the formation of the epigenetic code, implying that epigenetic factors regulating gene expression may be involved in social experience-dependent modification of locomotor behavior.