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Integrating Human and Wildlife Dynamics in Co-Occurrence Modelling.

F Rolle1, M V Boiani2, L Fardone1

  • 1Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Torino Torino Italy.

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|February 19, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wildlife interactions in the Alps are complex, with human activities significantly influencing species like roe deer, red deer, and wolves. Understanding these dynamics is key for human-wildlife coexistence.

Keywords:
camera trapsdetectabilityhunting pressurepredator–prey co‐occurrence

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Wildlife Conservation
  • Spatial Modeling

Background:

  • Shared environments foster complex interspecific interactions, influenced by human activities impacting wildlife abundance and distribution.
  • The Alps present a dynamic system with multiple ungulate species (roe deer, red deer) and a predator (wolf), shaped by historical and growing human presence (farming, hunting, tourism).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model co-occurrence probabilities of roe deer, red deer, and wolves in the Maritime Alps.
  • To investigate the influence of species co-occurrences, human presence, and hunting season on occupancy and detection probabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 60 camera traps in the Maritime Alps.
  • Applied multi-species occupancy models to analyze spatial and behavioral interactions.
  • Examined the effects of species co-occurrences, human activities, and hunting season on wildlife dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Roe deer were the most widespread and frequently recorded species.
  • Pairwise species interactions had a greater impact on occupancy than individual environmental factors.
  • Camera placement on trails increased wolf detection but decreased ungulate detection; hunting season reduced roe deer detection but not red deer or wolf detection.

Conclusions:

  • Interspecific dependence and human activities are critical factors in shaping wildlife distribution and interactions.
  • Integrating predator-prey dynamics and human influences is essential for effective wildlife management.
  • Findings offer insights for optimizing human-wildlife coexistence in anthropogenic European landscapes.