Lipid alterations in acute myocardial infarction are associated with gut microbiota

Although lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysregulation are known to participate in cardiovascular disease, few studies have examined these alterations and associations in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. This study reveals altered and associated lipid metabolism and gut microbiome based on proteomic and lipidomic analyses of fecal and plasma samples from 30 patients with AMI and 33 healthy volunteers. Twenty-three differential plasma lipids, nine altered fecal lipids, and nine differential fecal bacterial species were identified in AMI patients relative to healthy volunteers, with nine plasma lipids, three fecal lipids, and two fecal bacteria as potential biomarkers. Correlation analysis revealed that the abundances of Stenotrophomonas and Bilophila were positively correlated with sphingosine and ceramide levels, respectively. Alistipes indistinctus and Porphyromonas were correlated with blood lipid indicators (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-C), and A. indistinctus, Bilophila, and Stenotrophomonas were associated with myocardial injury indicators (cTnI, CK, CK-MB, LDH, and BNP). This study identified potential lipid and gut microbe biomarkers and their associations in AMI patients.IMPORTANCEAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While lipid metabolism and gut microbiota are known to play important roles in cardiovascular diseases, their interactions in the context of AMI are not fully understood. In this study, we explore the lipidomic and microbiome alterations in AMI patients, identifying key biomarkers associated with myocardial injury. By correlating specific lipid changes with bacterial species in fecal samples, we highlight the potential of lipid-microbe interactions in the pathogenesis of AMI. These findings provide novel insights into the complex mechanisms underlying AMI and suggest potential targets for early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating lipid and microbial profiles to improve patient outcomes.