Fabrication Strategies of Mn²⁺-Based Scintillation Screens for X-Ray Detection and Imaging

Scintillators play a pivotal role in multiple fields such as medical imaging, radioactive contaminant detection, non-destructive testing, high-energy physics and homeland security. However, the traditional inorganic scintillators are faced with the shortcomings of high fabrication cost and low light yield. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides have become the promising alternatives for their excellent luminescence properties, favorable air and irradiation stability, and low-cost preparation. Among them, organic-inorganic hybrid Mn(II) halides (OIMnHs) have attracted wide attention due to their particular flexible molecular structure design, easy synthesis and low toxicity. This minireview summarizes the latest progress in high performance Mn²⁺-Based scintillation screens. Herein, the scintillation mechanism of OIMnHs scintillators is firstly discussed. Then, the different synthesis methods of OIMnHs scintillators are briefly described, including solvent diffusion, cooling crystallization, evaporative crystallization and solid-state mechanochemical synthesis. After that, the recent strategies of OIMnHs for forming scintillation screens applying to X-ray imaging are emphatically reviewed, which are growing large single crystals, fabricating to glass or ceramic and blending with polymers. The fabrication progress and applications of OIMnHs-based scintillation screens were introduced and the structure-property relationship of these screens was discussed. Finally, the challenges of this new scintillator material are summarized, and the potential research directions for future exploration are proposed.