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Multidrug-resistant Organisms and Bacillus cereus Colonization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Cohort Study

Marie-Alix Camphuis1, Marine Vincent1, Olivier Dauwalder2

  • 1From the Department of Neonatology.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|February 19, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and Bacillus cereus are common in hospitalized neonates' stools. Monitoring carriage duration can optimize isolation protocols and guide antibiotic therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal microbiology
  • Infectious disease surveillance
  • Public health

Background:

  • Neonatal microbiota carriage surveillance is crucial for preventing infections.
  • Focus on multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and Bacillus cereus in hospitalized infants.
  • Evaluating carriage duration and infection risk is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of MDROs and B. cereus in hospitalized neonates' stools.
  • To determine the duration of carriage for these organisms.
  • To evaluate the risk of infection in neonates carrying MDROs or B. cereus.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based retrospective study.
  • Analysis of weekly stool cultures from birth to discharge (Jan 2018 - Sep 2020).
  • Inclusion of all hospitalized newborns in a single tertiary unit; infection data collected.

Main Results:

  • 1409 infants included; 15.6% carried MDROs and/or B. cereus.
  • MDROs were more frequent (74.1%) than B. cereus (20.5%). Enterobacter cloacae was the most common MDRO.
  • No B. cereus infections observed; 7.4% of infants with MDROs developed infections.

Conclusions:

  • MDROs and B. cereus are frequently detected in hospitalized neonates' stools.
  • Identifying carriage and its duration aids in adapting isolation protocols.
  • Guidance for antibiotic therapy can be informed by carriage data.
Keywords:
antibiotic resistancecolonizationinfectionmicrobiotanewbornprematurity

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