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Effects of pterostilbene on inducing apoptosis in normal bladder and bladder cancer cells
Chen-Hsun Ho1, Chia-Kwung Fan2, Yi-Chen Chu3
1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Bladder cancer is the most common type of urinary tumor. Current research has focused on alternative therapies that protect the bladder. Some studies suggested that cancer can be treated by inducing apoptosis. Therefore, finding new drugs for related or adjuvant treatments has become important. PT is a natural derivative of resveratrol. The antioxidant effects of PT include the scavenging of extracellular ROS and the induction of apoptosis. PT has been shown to induce several types of tumor cell death; however, the detailed mechanism of action remains unclear. The present examined PT's cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing abilities as an anti-bladder cancer drug in normal bladder epithelial and bladder cancer cells. Under PT treatment, bladder cancer HTB-9 cells showed a significant apoptotic effect compared to normal bladder epithelial SV-HUC-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and western blotting showed a positive correlation with the expression of apoptotic proteins, especially caspase-3. PT promoted the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and had no significant effect on normal bladder epithelial cells involved in internal and external apoptotic pathways, especially the internal ones. The results demonstrate the potential of PT to promote apoptotic death in bladder cancer cells, suggesting its possible use as a drug to treat bladder cancer.
Insights
This study shows that PT, a resveratrol derivative, effectively induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. PT demonstrates potential as a novel therapeutic agent for bladder cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Bladder cancer is a prevalent urinary tumor requiring novel therapeutic strategies.
- Inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a key mechanism for cancer treatment.
- PT, a resveratrol derivative, exhibits antioxidant properties and induces tumor cell death, but its mechanism is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-bladder cancer potential of PT.
- To evaluate PT's cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing effects on bladder cancer cells.
- To elucidate the apoptotic pathways involved in PT's action.
Main Methods:
- Cell culture of normal bladder epithelial (SV-HUC-1) and bladder cancer (HTB-9) cells.
- Treatment with varying doses and times of PT.
- Assessment of cytotoxicity and apoptosis using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and western blotting.
- Analysis of apoptotic protein expression, particularly caspase-3.
Main Results:
- PT induced significant apoptosis in bladder cancer HTB-9 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
- Normal bladder epithelial SV-HUC-1 cells showed no significant effect from PT treatment.
- PT treatment correlated with increased expression of apoptotic proteins, especially caspase-3, activating both internal and external apoptotic pathways.
Conclusions:
- PT effectively promotes apoptotic death in bladder cancer cells.
- PT exhibits selective toxicity towards cancer cells, sparing normal bladder epithelial cells.
- PT shows promise as a potential therapeutic or adjuvant drug for bladder cancer treatment.
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