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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2025

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

MicroRNA frontiers: Illuminating early detection paths in multiple sclerosis.

Mahdi Mohseni¹, Ghazal Behzad², Arezoo Farhadi³

¹School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

|February 19, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) shows promise for tracking disease progression. Differences in miRNA panels between relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) could improve diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:

Diagnosis Micrornas Multiple sclerosis Nervous system

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomarker Discovery
Molecular Biology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive central nervous system disorder causing demyelination, neuronal loss, and atrophy.
Current diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MS lack reliable correlation with disease progression.
Distinguishing between inflammatory relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and neurodegenerative secondary progressive MS (SPMS) is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current research on differences in circulating microRNA (miRNA) panel expression across multiple sclerosis (MS) disease phases.
To explore the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MS.
To investigate how miRNA expression patterns may inform strategies for halting MS disability advancement.

Main Methods:

Review of existing scientific literature on microRNA expression in multiple sclerosis.
Analysis of studies comparing miRNA profiles in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients.
Examination of the correlation between miRNA expression patterns and disease stage/activity.

Main Results:

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit altered expression patterns across the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease spectrum.
Differential expression of miRNA panels between RRMS and SPMS suggests potential as distinct biomarkers.
These findings highlight miRNAs as promising candidates for monitoring MS progression and activity.

Conclusions:

Circulating microRNAs represent a promising avenue for improving multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and prognosis.
Analyzing miRNA panels could provide critical insights into the transition from RRMS to SPMS.
Further research into miRNA expression may lead to targeted therapies to mitigate MS-related disability.