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The Association Between HIV-Related Stigma, ART Adherence, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People Living With HIV
Patane S Shilabye1,2, Karine Scheuermaier2, Alinda G Vos-Seda1,3
1Julius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|February 20, 2025
Summary
Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) is linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Stigma did not significantly impact ART adherence or CVD risk in this South African cohort.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- HIV/AIDS remains a major health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.
- Stigma associated with HIV may negatively influence treatment adherence and cardiovascular health.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between stigma, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- To assess the impact of ART adherence on CVD surrogate markers in people living with HIV (PLWH).
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study of 325 PLWH in South Africa.
- Stigma assessed via questionnaire; ART adherence inferred from viral load (VL).
- Pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured as a CVD surrogate marker at 12 and 36 months.
Main Results:
- Poor ART adherence was significantly associated with higher PWV.
- Suboptimal and poor adherence correlated with increased PWV at 12 months and between 12-36 months in older PLWH.
- Overall PWV increased significantly between 12 and 36 months.
Conclusions:
- Poor ART adherence is a significant risk factor for elevated PWV in PLWH.
- Stigma levels in this cohort were low and not directly associated with ART adherence or PWV.
- Interventions targeting ART adherence may help mitigate CVD risk in PLWH.
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