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Selenium toxicosis in swine.

S W Casteel, G D Osweiler, W O Cook

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

|May 15, 1985

Summary

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Selenium toxicosis caused fatal paralytic disease in feeder pigs. High selenium levels in liver and kidney, linked to feed premix, were identified as the cause.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Toxicology
Animal Nutrition

Background:

Selenium toxicosis is a significant concern in livestock production.
Clinical signs of selenium poisoning can vary widely.
Accurate diagnosis requires correlating clinical signs with toxicological findings.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cause of a fatal paralytic disease outbreak in feeder pigs.
To identify the source of excessive selenium exposure in the affected pigs.

Main Methods:

Necropsy and histopathological examination of affected pigs.
Analysis of selenium concentrations in liver and kidney tissues.
Traceback of the animal feed ingredients.

Main Results:

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Pigs exhibited signs of paralytic disease.
Principal lesions included lumbar poliomyelomalacia and coronary band necrosis.
Elevated selenium concentrations were confirmed in liver and kidney tissues.
The source of excessive selenium was identified as a contaminated feed premix.

Conclusions:

Selenium toxicosis was the definitive cause of the fatal paralytic disease in the feeder pigs.
The contaminated feed premix was responsible for the excessive selenium exposure.
This case highlights the importance of quality control in feed premixes to prevent toxicosis in swine.