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Racemic peptide assembly boosts biocatalysis.

Mari C Mañas-Torres1,2, Paola Alletto1, Simone Adorinni1

  • 1Chem. Pharm. Sc. Dept., University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy. smarchesan@units.it.

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Minimalistic heterochiral tripeptides, featuring histidine and diphenylalanine, self-assemble into nanostructures that enhance biocatalytic ester hydrolysis. This research advances the design of efficient and environmentally friendly biocatalysts.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Materials Science
  • Enzyme catalysis and nanotechnology

Background:

  • Minimalistic peptides can be designed as functional biomaterials.
  • Histidine is a key residue for catalytic activity in many enzymes.
  • Self-assembly of peptides into nanostructures can create novel catalytic environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of racemic assembly of heterochiral tripeptides on biocatalytic activity.
  • To explore the role of histidine and diphenylalanine motifs in peptide self-assembly and gelation.
  • To provide insights for designing advanced green biocatalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of minimalistic heterochiral tripeptides.
  • Characterization of self-assembled nanostructures using techniques like electron microscopy.
  • Assay of ester hydrolysis activity of the self-assembled peptide gels.
  • Analysis of the influence of amino acid sequence on catalytic performance.

Main Results:

  • Racemic assembly of specific tripeptides significantly boosted ester hydrolysis activity compared to non-assembled or homochiral counterparts.
  • The diphenylalanine motif successfully directed self-assembly into anisotropic nanostructures, forming stable gels.
  • Histidine residues within the assembled structures remained catalytically active, facilitating the hydrolysis reaction.

Conclusions:

  • Minimalistic heterochiral tripeptides can be rationally designed for enhanced biocatalysis through self-assembly.
  • Self-assembled peptide nanostructures offer a promising platform for developing efficient and sustainable biocatalysts.
  • This work highlights the potential of bioinspired materials in green chemistry applications.