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Impact of HIV Infection on Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Long-Term Prognostic Analysis
Yu-Hang Diao1, Fa-Ping Gong1, Yong Cheng1
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Insights
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is linked to an earlier onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HIV-positive patients face a poorer long-term prognosis for HCC compared to those without HIV.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health concern.
- The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on HCC prognosis requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of HIV infection on the prognosis of patients diagnosed with HCC.
- To analyze clinical characteristics and survival outcomes in HCC patients with and without HIV.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to February 18, 2024.
- Meta-analysis of extracted data, including continuous and categorical variables, using mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
- Forest plots and funnel plots were utilized for analysis and publication bias assessment.
Main Results:
- The study included 4544 subjects, with HIV-positive patients being significantly younger (MD = -16.13, P < .01).
- No significant differences in other clinical characteristics were observed between HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups.
- Survival analysis revealed a poorer long-term prognosis for HIV-positive HCC patients (HR = 0.71, P < .01).
Conclusions:
- HIV infection is associated with an earlier onset of HCC.
- Compromised immune function and liver health in HIV-infected individuals contribute to a worse HCC prognosis.
Abstract:
This study aims to explore the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the search strategy, we searched all relevant articles in the three databases (PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) up to February 18, 2024. All data available for analysis were extracted. Continuous variables were expressed as mean difference (MD) with standard deviation (SD). The categorical variables were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Forest plots were used to illustrate the analysis results, and funnel plots were used to assess publication bias. The study included a total of 4544 subjects. HIV patients were significantly younger compared to those without HIV (MD = -16.13, 95% CI = -17.24 to -15.01, I2 = 91, P < .01), but there were no significant differences in other relevant clinical characteristics between the groups. Survival analysis indicated that HIV patients exhibited a poorer long-term prognosis compared with HIV-negative patients (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.63 to 0.79, I = 29%, P < .01). HIV infection, which compromises immune function and liver health, predisposes individuals to earlier onset of HCC and is associated with a poorer prognosis.
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